The Iranian Parliament Research Center recently published a study indicating that nearly 55% of students ranked in the top 3,000 in the national university entrance exam come from the top two economic deciles. The study warns that access to higher education in Iran, both in terms of quantity and quality, is significantly unequal. One major […]

During the Mihssa Movement, universities in Iran were one of the main strongholds where the cry of “Women, Life, Freedom” was raised by students and professors. The demands of this section of the scientific community were completely in line with the demands of the people; demands that led thousands of people to take to the […]

At the same time as the start of the “Women, Life, Freedom” movement in 1401, students across the country in universities acted as the beating heart of social movements and protests, in response to the death of Mahsa Amini. These protests were so widespread that student organizations – including Islamic associations, trade unions, and even […]

The time spent in school is often described by those who have experienced it as one of the most beautiful and, in many ways, the golden era of life. Making new friends and beginning the process of socialization in school shapes a person’s life. When we revisit the memories of our school days, many of […]

Minority women make up prisoners all over the world, estimated to be between two and nine percent of the total prison population. This is despite the fact that the number of female prisoners has significantly increased in some countries and even compared to the number of male prisoners, the increase in female prisoners is remarkable. […]

When we talk about women prisoners as a specific group of prisoners, we are talking about intersecting discriminations that affect women differently than male prisoners. Of course, we also consider that multiple oppressions also affect individuals with different gender identities. This note focuses on a specific group of women, namely mothers, who experience discrimination and […]

She’s called “Solka” so much so that even those around her have forgotten her real name is “Sara Bahreini.” Sara, or Solka as she’s known, has numerous tattoos adorning her body and exudes a sleek gangster style. She’s reminiscent of “Griselda Blanco,” except Sara is no criminal—she’s an artist, writing beautiful lyrics with a powerful […]

Songs for solidarity. Can music play a role in creating cohesion in societies and strengthening civil society? This is a question that some “community-based institutions” are trying to create experiences for through music education. One example of these institutions is the “Community Music Works” (CMW) located in Providence, Rhode Island in the United States. This […]

Criticism of culture is a necessary matter for social dynamism. For over a century, Iranian society has been firmly rooted in various efforts to maintain ancient structures of tyranny, and its extent has reached a critical stage. In such a situation, whether willingly or unwillingly, the issue of cultural analysis becomes necessary, as cultural crises […]

I cannot let go of the enchantment of those glances, and I cannot understand the bright light in the eyes of the children who were forever bound in the attack of Pakistan’s missiles on a village in Saravan, located in Sistan and Baluchestan, Iran. I cannot understand which race, nationality, or ethnicity the flow of […]

The year 2023 AD also passed with all its ups and downs. It was a year that was greatly influenced by the protest movement in Iran, which had started the previous year. The violent crackdown on protesters continued during this year as well. Many of the protesters from the 1401 movement were still imprisoned and […]

In the context of sociological understanding, ethnicity is considered one of the fundamental components in comprehending the concept of nationality in contemporary society. Therefore, an ethnic group refers to a people who are socially distinguished as a result of their shared cultural heritage. Culture and cultural heritage can be considered as one of the most […]

The tragic “Tabas Mine” incident, which involved an explosion or collapse in one of the coal mines in the region, claimed the lives of several workers and left many families mourning. This incident is one of those bitter events that once again highlights the fundamental problems in the field of workplace safety and the lack […]

The Iranian Parliament Research Center recently published a study indicating that nearly 55% of students ranked in the top 3,000 in the national university entrance exam come from the top two economic deciles. The study warns that access to higher education in Iran, both in terms of quantity and quality, is significantly unequal. One major […]

Today, a government has come to power in Iran that considers its slogan to be national unity; a slogan that more than two decades ago, the movement for freedom – as part of the opposition to the government inside Iran – demanded through its statements and has been brought up again in political discussions in […]

Narrative literature in Iran has been tangled with the perspective of the majority and their definition of voices and narratives that are of interest to the general society. As a result, communities or individuals who are not considered part of this majority have no place in the literary scene. Marginalized communities in any country not […]

Sexual harassment in the workplace is a dangerous threat that can lead to a decrease in personal and professional quality of life, jeopardize the well-being of both men and women, weaken gender equality, and impose costs on companies and organizations. In recent years, movements around the world have formed to draw more attention to the […]

Migration is a phenomenon that has a long history in human culture and history, especially among Iranians (the pioneers of migration literature in Iran, such as famous writers like Bozorg Alavi and Sadeq Hedayat). By examining all aspects of it, it is clear that the motivations for [forced] migration in recent years have been more […]

The feminization of aging has presented major challenges for the global community, and Iran is no exception. While other countries have adopted effective strategies to address the feminization of aging and manage this crisis, in Iran, this crisis reveals its grim face in the increasing number of elderly people “abandoned” in parks, streets, and addiction […]

In recent years, we have been faced with two terms, genetically modified and organic, in the agriculture and food industries. From a scientific standpoint, organic products are those that do not use any type of chemical process in any stage of planting, growing, and harvesting. This means that completely natural methods are used to produce […]

Introduction 1.: Psychological study of tyranny and authoritarianism is not a new phenomenon. Perhaps one of the most exciting aspects of social psychology is the study of the personality of tyrannical and authoritarian individuals. If we say that hundreds of important books have been written about the psychological personality of Hitler and Stalin, we are […]

Statistics indicate that Iran has approximately 70 zoos, of which only 44 have been ranked to date. Evaluations reveal that the majority of Iran’s zoos fall significantly short of both national and international standards. Key zoo ranking criteria include proper nutrition, suitable hygiene, cage size and design, and spaces tailored to the specific needs of […]

Zoos represent a clear case of semantic and conceptual transformation. What we now see as zoos in Iran and many parts of the world has strayed far from the original concept and purpose of their establishment. These centers have largely devolved into cages for holding wildlife species, offering visitors the chance to view them up […]

Animal rights refer to a set of ethical principles and legal regulations aimed at protecting animals and ensuring their welfare against harm, exploitation, and mistreatment. These rights are rooted in the belief in the intrinsic value of animals and the necessity of ethical and humane interaction with them. On an international level, these rights include […]

The Tabas mine disaster, which resulted in the deaths and injuries of dozens of workers, was not the first such incident and, unfortunately, is unlikely to be the last. It is clear that the safety of the country’s mines is not a priority for either employers or relevant government bodies. Determining which safety standards should […]

The tragic “Tabas Mine” incident, which involved an explosion or collapse in one of the coal mines in the region, claimed the lives of several workers and left many families mourning. This incident is one of those bitter events that once again highlights the fundamental problems in the field of workplace safety and the lack […]

According to official reports, Iran experiences dozens of fatal mining accidents annually. The exact number of victims is unclear due to underreporting of incidents, but some estimates suggest that more than 100 serious accidents occur in Iran’s mines each year, many of which result in the death of workers (see Table 1). The International Labour […]

When I was reading the novel “Thursday Train” (1) by Anisa Dehghani, I came across a strange question: “It is possible to endure pain that is unique to you, but how can you endure pain that you must share with someone else?” “Thursday Train” delves into the lives of Iranians in the years after the […]

Narrative literature in Iran has been tangled with the perspective of the majority and their definition of voices and narratives that are of interest to the general society. As a result, communities or individuals who are not considered part of this majority have no place in the literary scene. Marginalized communities in any country not […]

Four. Decade of Sacrifice of Religious Warriors. The violation of the rights of religious and ethnic minorities and violence against them is not a story unique to Iran or even the Middle East. The history of humanity is filled with such violence against individuals with different beliefs and thoughts. Although after World War II, in […]

Fashion and clothing, as one of the most prominent manifestations of material culture, have always played a significant role in the social and individual structures of societies. In Iran, from the past to the present, fashion and clothing have not merely served as tools for covering the body or reflecting social status. Instead, they have […]

The Pezeshkian administration is set to implement a regulatory framework for overseeing border trade practices, specifically kulbari (manual border transport) and tehlanji (small-scale maritime trade). Under this framework, the government plans to manage $4 to $7 billion worth of annual imports conducted through kulbari. Abdolnaser Hemmati, Minister of Economic Affairs and Finance, announced during a […]

In Shahrivar (August-September) of this year, the Minister of Industry, Mines, and Trade commented during a Tehran Chamber of Commerce meeting about the current status of iPhone imports and registration, asserting that no documentation exists on this matter. He mentioned that relevant departments in the Ministry of Communications and the Ministry of Industry, Mines, and […]

I am neither a legal expert, nor a judge, nor an expert in Islamic jurisprudence. Rather, in this short note, I am trying to share my understanding of the guidelines for repentance (the notification of the head of the judiciary of the Islamic Republic in July 1403) with you; although, due to my lack of […]

In the first half of Tir month 1403, in the aftermath of the helicopter crash of Ebrahim Raisi and preparations for the election of the 14th government of the Islamic Republic, the head of the judiciary announced a set of guidelines that, if discussed in a different context, could have sparked many debates and opinions. […]

If we sit down to read the accounts of political prisoners in the prisons of the Islamic Republic in the 1960s, it is impossible not to hear about the policy of repentance during this time; a process in which political prisoners were forced to repent by interrogators and prison officials, and despite their shame and […]

This is a picture of a flower. Shiraz Tabrizi Sparkle Sufism, mysticism, asceticism, and some other names refer to a school of Islam that, based on the teachings of each chain of this school – which I will refer to as Sufism – believes in the different sects of Islam that the commandments of religion […]

Following the arrests of Christians in Iran clearly shows that in recent years, Iranian government authorities have targeted the Christian community for suppression. Reports indicate that from May to August 2016, 79 Christian citizens were arrested and a large number of them were interrogated and sent to prison. It is believed that many arrests have […]

In recent years, various campaigns opposing the death penalty have been formed, each considering execution and qisas as the most prominent and dangerous threats to society, whose harmful effects do not release our reality and collective life during this era of history. Nevertheless, our criminal justice policy, in response to these collective movements, has generally […]

On the eve of the second anniversary of the nationwide protests in 1401 and the Mehssa movement, the death sentences issued against women in the courts of the Islamic Republic surprised everyone. Sharifeh Mohammadi, a labor activist, is one of the women who has been sentenced to death on charges of “rebellion”. Mrs. Mohammadi is […]

We are on the eve of the anniversary of the executions of the summer of 1367. The dark summer in which thousands of political activists were executed, in violation of the law. Among these men and women, many had completed their sentences and were looking forward to their freedom. But they were executed, en masse […]

Nearly a century has passed since the fourteen-day nationwide strike of printing workers and the prolonged strike of oil industry workers in Abadan between 1300 and 1404 (1921-1925). These were the first genuine and official strikes in the labor movement in Iran. Subsequently, between 1304 and 1320 (1925-1941), widespread strikes occurred, which faced the harshest […]

The effects of “neoliberalism” on the world of work and labor unions are topics of contemporary debate in most countries. According to David Harvey, neoliberalism can be understood as a theory of political economy practices that seeks to enhance human well-being by maximizing entrepreneurial freedoms within an institutional framework characterized by the protection of private […]

While the slogan of “national unity” has been raised as a key principle in the government of physicians, it seems that this concept is more used as a tool to maintain and perpetuate repression in some government institutions, especially the Ministry of Education. National unity, which could have meant an effort towards convergence and participation […]

Wildlife refers to animals and plants that live in their natural habitats without human interference. It encompasses various species spread across the globe, playing a vital role in maintaining ecosystem balance and biodiversity. Preserving wildlife is crucial for the future of both humanity and nature. This article is not about the factors and policies that […]

The time spent in school is often described by those who have experienced it as one of the most beautiful and, in many ways, the golden era of life. Making new friends and beginning the process of socialization in school shapes a person’s life. When we revisit the memories of our school days, many of […]

Fashion and clothing, as one of the most prominent manifestations of material culture, have always played a significant role in the social and individual structures of societies. In Iran, from the past to the present, fashion and clothing have not merely served as tools for covering the body or reflecting social status. Instead, they have […]