For years, laws have imposed strict regulations on female dormitories. In the latest regulations of some universities, the curfew for female dormitories has been reduced to the time of Maghrib prayer, officially depriving female students of the ability to be present in the city and university after class hours and making the city more masculine […]...

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A dog has taken my head along with all its thoughtful worms   that squirm and bite   Yes! You — O thousand-year-old rusted robe — they nailed you to the wall and entrusted the endless delirium of your out-of-tune nights to the sun, so that its shadow, deep in your darkness, would become the […]...

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Guarding while sleeping and stealing belongings. If we were to present an image of the Islamic Republic of Iran, we cannot simply mention the three branches of government, the parliament, and the judiciary. Sovereignty here is made up of various, conflicting, and parallel aspects, each of which operates below or beyond the law. Institutions such […]...

Charity boxes of the Relief Committee are everywhere. It is rare for someone to have spent a day in the streets of Iranian cities and not come across one of these boxes; boxes that are said to “remove seventy calamities”. This saying is based on narrations from the Prophet of Islam and also the Shia […]...

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“Informal” work is a form of paid work that is not recognized by economic laws. According to Marx, “wage labor” is work that has become a “commodity” and is bought and sold. Now, if this “commodified” work is defined as “informal,” it becomes a vicious cycle, as if the actor is only being exploited for […]...

More than six years ago, official media in the Islamic Republic of Iran reported on a historic explosion of false jobs in the job market. These media outlets reported on 23 million workers in the Iranian job market, of which, according to the then Minister of Labor, seven million were engaged in false jobs. (1) […]...

“We must make tough and courageous decisions.” This sentence was expressed by Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf, the Speaker of Parliament, in a joint session between the Parliament and the government regarding the budget for the year 1401. The decisions that Ghalibaf refers to and some other officials also call “economic surgery” seem inevitable given the economic […]...