Mir Hossein Mousavi, the former Prime Minister of the Islamic Republic, and Mehdi Karroubi, the former head of the Islamic Consultative Assembly, were the candidates for the 1388 presidential election. In that same year, the former President, Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, was declared the winner of the election in a controversial situation. This announcement led to widespread […]...

The confinement of recognized leaders of the Green Movement, which formed after protesting the results of the presidential election, is considered one of the major challenges of the Islamic Republic government in the field of human rights, which after more than a thousand days, still remains unresolved; with the change of the new government in […]...

It is likely that if a German traveler takes a stroll on Enqelab Street in Tehran, which is home to the book market and also the center of book, CD, and DVD street vendors in the city, they will be amazed to see that the book “Mein Kampf” by Hitler, which is not allowed to […]...

One of the institutions that specializes in the subject of “human rights” in the Islamic Republic of Iran today is the “Human Rights Headquarters of the Judiciary”. According to the official website of this headquarters, its activities began in 1381 (2002) with the approval of the headquarters’ charter and its publication in the official gazette. […]...

In recent days, amidst political news and analyses, one news has captured the attention of the public both inside and outside the country more than ever before. “The revival of a person sentenced to death one day after the execution” was a headline that appeared in many newspapers. After decades of carrying out executions in […]...

“Collective Rights” is a topic that is often overlooked among Iranian intellectuals. Discussions about human rights usually focus on individual rights, and less attention is paid to collective rights. If we were to define “collective rights,” we could refer to the definition given by the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, which states: “Group rights concern the […]...

According to the law, which is superior to all human laws, people consider the right to final decision-making, which belongs to the members of society, to be reserved for themselves. They do not seek divine intervention as long as they can resort to earthly arbitration. “Jan Lak, Two Treatises on Government” The Magna Carta (Latin: […]...

The title of lifestyle in Iran is entangled with humiliation, resistance, pressure, and freedom. After the 1967 revolution, the story of imposing a lifestyle and resistance against it emerged, although it is not similar to the Eastern bloc and communist and fascist regimes, but in some levels it is similar to them. Iranians had this […]...

Natural rights are rights that are given to individuals based on “natural law” and are inherent, unconditional, and unchangeable. They cannot be transferred to anyone else and are equal for all human beings, without being subject to the agreement of others, the existence of political and judicial institutions, or laws and traditions. Therefore, natural rights […]...

In a situation where two individuals have equal qualifications and competencies for a position, how can one be chosen? To answer this question, we must first clarify our understanding of the term “position”. A position is a job that is created for social purposes and no one owns it. There are many jobs where the […]...

Sharing knowledge and information is a part of cultural, social, and political activities through digital technologies. Thanks to the internet, information is shared and spread quickly. That’s why we like to share our favorite cultural information with others. For this reason, we produce shared information and works such as Wikipedia or some free software. ACTA, […]...

1. Steps towards peacebuilding The 18th century is widely known as the end of Europe’s decline. In line with the Industrial Revolution, there was significant growth in industry, agriculture, production, and transportation. At the same time, we witnessed the beginning of a widespread “peace movement” on this continent, with the starting point being Immanuel Kant’s […]...