Humans have always believed in the influence of supernatural and non-material factors on their lives and destinies, from ancient times until the present day as recorded in history and shown by archaeological studies. They have constantly strived to control these factors and improve their lives and the lives of their loved ones by manipulating them. As human knowledge has advanced and scientific explanations for various events have been discovered, the reliance on magic and superstition for change has decreased. However, there are still people in different parts of the world and in all societies who claim to have knowledge of the unseen and the ability to influence supernatural factors, and they try to deceive others in order to lead a better life. People, both in advanced and underdeveloped societies, fall for their tricks for various reasons that cannot be discussed in this text, and are willing to pay significant amounts for what they believe will have a positive and significant impact on their lives.

As with any social problem, the issue of superstitions and their resulting abuses has also been addressed by the principles of rights and laws, and various legal systems have attempted to prevent the spread of these superstitions and their resulting abuses through the enactment of deterrent laws. In the Iranian legal system, for the first time, Article 18 of the Third Section of the 1324 Criminal Procedure Regulations was introduced to combat these types of superstitions and to provide for the prosecution of those who engage in such activities (albeit at a lower level than crimes and misdemeanors). This article stipulated that those who engage in divination, sorcery, dream interpretation, palmistry, witchcraft, spell casting, fortune telling, prophecy, fortune telling, fortune telling, fortune telling, and similar practices, or use them as a means of livelihood or gain, by opening a shop or house, are sentenced to imprisonment of seven to ten days and a fine of one hundred to two hundred rials (monetary

Among the common crimes that have been criminalized by the legislator, we can refer to the crime of embezzlement, theft, and fraud, which are specified in the Law on the Intensification of Punishment for Perpetrators of Bribery, Embezzlement, and Fraud, approved by the Islamic Consultative Assembly on 06/28/1364 and the Expediency Council on 09/15/1357. In the first section of Article 1 of this law, it is stated: “Anyone who deceives people through trickery and fraud, or by having fake companies, trading houses, factories, or imaginary institutions, or by deceiving them with false hopes or by frightening them with false events and consequences, or by using a fake name or title, and obtains money, assets, or documents, or promissory notes, or checks, or similar items through one of the mentioned means or other fraudulent means, and takes away someone else

The result is that currently, with the existing legal facilities, there is no possibility of organized confrontation and targeted criminal policy against the widespread and increasing problem of sorcery, witchcraft, and the like. Those who engage in these activities continue their criminal and destructive behavior without fear of criminal prosecution for their public crime, and even in the case of private complaints, they evade criminal prosecution and the grasp of the law by reimbursing the complainant (who is not significant compared to the large amounts they have obtained through these means).