Violence based on gender is considered one of the main violations of women’s rights and human rights. Violence against women violates their right to freedom and basic tranquility. This type of violation of human rights refers to any act of violence that results in physical, sexual, or psychological harm or suffering for women.

Women and girls in all societies are vulnerable to exploitation, exploitation and physical, mental and sexual abuse. The severity and frequency of such actions depend on the level of awareness of the society and its government, their beliefs, customs, religion, laws and the cultural, economic and political development of dependent communities. It is also undeniable that acts of violence against women do not recognize boundaries and limits of income, social class, education, etc.

The causes and consequences of social problems are inseparable and in this regard, this formula is undoubtedly true. Violence against women is like a parasite that has its roots in the complex structures of society and is reinforced by prejudice, tradition, conservatism, and even laws, in order to feed on the lifeblood of society.

In fact, strengthening the extremist role of traditional, silent and aggressive women in society is equally destructive and preventative of progress as pornography and promoting obscenity.

“Violence against women in societies has deep historical, cultural, religious, and economic roots that have become ingrained in the institutions and individuals of the community, and with growth and increased awareness, it can be eradicated. In fact, violence against women, like all other social problems, can be controlled through long-term education and upbringing. But in today’s civil societies, which institution is responsible for this? And can we put an end to the injustice that is imposed on humans solely based on their gender through education alone? Naturally, relying on this principle leads to prevention (of violence), if it is taught properly! But what is the cure?”

The only solution is the approval of supportive laws and the removal of laws that strengthen violence against women by governments.

The enforcement and implementation of rigid laws based on custom, religion, tradition, or legal principles can lead society towards cultural and social decline. Not only is it a clear manifestation of discrimination, but it also promotes violence.

Violence against women is a specialized term used to describe all forms of violent actions against women. Similar to hate crimes, this type of violence is targeted towards a specific group of people and gender is the primary basis for the violence. The United Nations General Assembly defines violence against women as any act of gender-based violence that results in physical, sexual, or mental harm to women, including threats, coercion, or arbitrary deprivation of liberty (both in society and in personal life). The Declaration on the Elimination of Violence against Women in 1993 states that this violence can be perpetrated by individuals of the same gender, family members, and government.

According to international women’s conferences, violence against them encompasses various environmental factors:

a) Violence against women within the family

Violence against women in society.

(a) Systemic or structural violence, which is committed by the government itself.

• Domestic violence includes:

1) Physical and verbal abuse: which has existed throughout history and has become so ingrained that many women consider these behaviors to be a natural, inevitable and real part of a man’s existence, which is in fact a false perception of women’s self-deprecation.

2) Sexual abuse of young girls

3) Sexual and physical violence by some men against their spouses.

4) Forced prostitution

ها

Circumcision of women and girl children according to religious beliefs and traditions.

So far, more than 160 million women have been circumcised in Africa and the world. Every year, 2 million girls are circumcised around the world and according to statistics, for every 3 girls who undergo the procedure, one loses their life. In Iran, this practice also takes place in some southern regions.

ان

6) Honor killings and misguided beliefs of family members about the blood of women and girls.

7) Disrespect, insult, indecency, belittlement, indifference, severe limitations, prevention of education and learning, and many other ways that ultimately lead to the exploitation of women.

• Violence within society, whether in the workplace, educational institutions, living spaces, or other public places.

1) Sexual insecurity and social discrimination against women.

Considering women as commodities and investing in sexual commerce, objectification and promotion of this goal, whether through deception or imposition.

3) The disturbing sexualization, exploitation, objectification, and instrumentalization of women in the media.

4) Prejudices and cultural, racial, and ethnic discrimination against women

5) He had extreme views and beliefs about women.

6) The investment and colonization of immigrant, worker, refugee, homeless, and asylum-seeking women, both physically and sexually, regardless of their ethnicity.

• Violence committed by governments and authorities:

Lack of effort and correction of laws to prevent social and domestic violence.

2) Excitement, targeting, actions, and protection against discriminatory and oppressive laws against women.

3) Lack of education, health care, implementation of population control methods, class differences, and neglect of poverty, which are themselves fundamental causes of violence against women or their vulnerability to violence.

4) Government’s imposition of a specific action by women, such as mandatory hijab.

5) Some governments’ discrimination against women in international trade.

6) Threat and physical and psychological treatment of women by the police.

7) Torture, physical, mental and sexual abuse of women in prisons, whether they are political prisoners or ordinary ones.

With a look at family and social violence, it can be said that most of them can be prevented through the government’s efforts in enforcing human rights laws and establishing civil support foundations, providing women with access to judicial mechanisms and compensation, improving economic conditions, providing information and making it accessible, universal education and training, etc.

Although violence against women can be seen in countries with proper laws and support programs, its widespread occurrence is in societies where legal ambiguity and lack of social services are abundant.

“Law is one of the pillars of society’s culture; to the extent that people, due to lack of awareness and wisdom, violate each other’s rights, governments must demonstrate the path of cultural development through the establishment of clear laws. Iranian society is one of the societies where the violation of women’s rights and violence against them is frequently seen in all three mentioned areas.”