“Companion of school, revolution and street/ Beloved and friendly.”

The History of Student Movements in Iran from the Constitutional Revolution to Today Three schoolgirls in their school uniforms walk hand in hand, shaking their headscarves and shouting, “Women, life, freedom.” This image has become familiar in recent months in Iran; it started with the death of Mahsa (Jina) Amini and has spread to the […]...

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Protest as a game without losing / Mohammad Golshahi

Since late September, with the tragic death of Mahsa Amini, the country has suddenly faced a wave of protests and gatherings in all provinces, the scope of which has even extended beyond the country’s geography and reached across waters and to other countries. This protest movement, known mostly by the slogan “Women, Life, Freedom”, was […]...

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Mehdi Motaharnia: Concerns about social upheavals have created the grounds for the transition from injustice to justice / Ali Kalai

“Concerns about social upheavals on one hand, and the way in which forces deal with these social upheavals on the other hand, have created the grounds for a change and transformation. According to Dr. Mehdi Motaharnia, this could be a reason for the promotion of the police or law enforcement in Iran from within the […]...

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Special Police Unit; from the alleys of Mashhad’s seminary to the gardens of Mahshahr/ Maryam Dehkordi

The first time that Iranian citizens heard the name of the special unit may go back to the early 1970s; when one of the first street protests after the revolution took place in Mashhad, one of the most religious cities in Iran, in Bahman 1357. In 1970, the government of Iran merged the city police, […]...

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What changes result from changing the organizational structure?/ Delbar Tavakoli

The plan to transform the Islamic Republic’s law enforcement forces into a central command was introduced about two years ago, and the General Staff of the Armed Forces took it seriously. In December of 1400, Ayatollah Khamenei announced his approval of the change in the law enforcement structure, and the law enforcement forces came under […]...

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Frajah, police or economic cartel? / Mohammadreza Sardari

The death of Mahsa Amini, an Iranian Kurdish girl, after being detained by the “Feraja Guidance Patrol,” has once again stirred public emotions. Many are asking why violence has become so rampant among the police force and why the dignity and honor of citizens have been taken lightly by this security organization. Why has the […]...

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According to the country’s law enforcement command, which has now changed from a rank-based system to a command-based system and is expected to bring about “transformation in security and service to the people” regarding the police in Iran, Hossein Ashtari, the chief commander of the Islamic Republic of Iran’s law enforcement, believes that the root […]...

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Historic protests of November 98 as a rebellion of the working class against exploitation and tyranny/Reza Shirazi

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