As the sharp, cold morning wind swept autumn leaves across the cobbled alleyways of the city, a dense, silent crowd had gathered in the main square. Their breath turned into small clouds in the freezing air, merging into one another. Among the crowd stood women whose eyes reflected waves of fear, worry, and anxiety, and […]...

In the legal system of the Islamic Republic of Iran, qisas (retaliatory justice) is not only prominently featured in Book Three of the Islamic Penal Code (2013), but its procedural structure and associated privileges are also legally codified. These include defining the scope of cases eligible for qisas, conditions for the equivalence of the weapon […]...

According to the rule of law, the necessity of implementing and enforcing laws is essential to the life of a social system. Even thieves and murderers believe in the necessity of enforcing the law and respecting legal rulings, and it is precisely because of this awareness that they feel fear and anxiety when committing a […]...

Public execution—a phenomenon in which the final moments of a human being’s life are put on public display—goes beyond mere punishment and, in Marcel Mauss’s terms, constitutes a “total social fact” that encompasses all dimensions of a society’s life (legal, political, religious, economic, ethical, and cultural). While the global trend in the modern era has […]...

Public execution is a punishment that, in some societies, has been used as a tool aimed at deterring crime and instilling fear. Nevertheless, according to statistical studies and scientific findings, carrying out punishment in public not only has no significant effect on reducing violent crime rates but also leads to the normalization and reproduction of […]...

A thorough examination of historical experiences, human rights principles, and findings from psychology and criminology clearly indicates that public execution not only lacks any deterrent effect but also carries profound social, psychological, and moral consequences for society. Although some proponents view public execution as a tool for creating fear and reducing crime, in practice, it […]...

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The 12-day war between Iran and Israel was one of the most intense military conflicts in the region in recent decades and marked the end of a dream for the leaders of the Islamic Republic to eliminate Israel from existence. This conflict began with Israel’s surprise attacks on nuclear facilities, military bases, and the assassination […]...

This article focuses exclusively on the arguments for abolishing the death penalty. I will show where existing arguments fall short and propose an alternative that, I argue, is more robust and logically sound. Setting Aside Pseudo-Arguments To begin, we must first discard a few pseudo-arguments often presented against the death penalty. A popular claim condemns […]...

I don’t know where to start; from the day I entered Zahedan Intelligence Detention Center? Or from the night I heard the first news of my friends’ execution? I was there for twenty-one months, among walls that not only imprisoned the body of a person, but also their soul. A place where most people were […]...

The death of those who have committed injustice and their hands are stained with the blood of the people, without going through the process of justice, not only brings comfort to the oppressors but also deprives them of the opportunity to hear the truth of their atrocities. The death of “Hossein Ali Neiri” is one […]...

Iran is one of the countries that still widely uses the death penalty. This issue has always been accompanied by protests from human rights organizations. The important question is whether media pressure, including traditional and international media, as well as activism on social networks and launching hashtag campaigns, can be effective in stopping or canceling […]...