Human rights and visual media play a vital role in a free world and act as powerful tools for promoting transparency, accountability, and social justice. In countries that uphold the principles of freedom of expression and information, individuals have the right to produce, access, and share visual media, which can expose human rights violations, document […]...

It is rare for powers to build a memorial in condemnation or even criticism of their own actions. It is a dream if they even whisper a hidden line on a stone in the Vatican. My fault “But is there a small sign of the centuries of crimes of the Catholic Church? Is there a […]...

Definition of historical memory and its difference from history. If we study “history” officially and systematically through sources and remnants left by people in the past, the “historical memory” is that part of history which is transmitted socially, culturally, and politically through a group or community of people. Two features are mentioned to know the […]...

Some protesting artists have been banned from engaging in transactions. Violation of civil rights and human rights. In a world where social scientists, including philosophers and jurists, are striving to define a comprehensive global concept of human rights based on humanistic theories and analyses, and thinkers like Hannah Arendt and her colleagues are working towards […]...

The ideology of government is in contradiction with happiness. Annual list of the happiest countries in the world based on survey results. Galup Institute Once again, it was announced and for the consecutive year, the people of Finland were named the happiest people in the world. A look at the top 10 happiest countries in […]...

Yesterday, a coincidence (or as it is called in Persian, “tavard”) happened. A friend asked me about a book by Franz Fanon and which translation of Fanon’s books is better. I replied that I haven’t read any of Fanon’s works because the anti-Western ideologies of Fanon and his nationalist supporters, such as Ali Shariati and […]...

When the historical journey of nations towards freedom is examined and the efforts of European philosophers and thinkers in explaining democratic methods and institutions for the realization of citizenship rights are studied, we find that humanity has paid heavy costs for its own freedom and citizenship rights. Freedom is such a precious gem that the […]...

Freedom of speech, in the sense of recognizing the right of individuals to express their opinions, beliefs, and promote them through language or any kind of symbols (such as a sign or symbol), is essential. Governments like the Islamic Republic in Iran, which do not tolerate even the slightest dissenting speech or beliefs contrary to […]...

“In a place where there are no rules for chaos to be accepted, chaos must first be integrated into the legal system through the creation of a zone of indistinction between inside and outside, between chaos and normalcy – that is, through an exceptional state. In order for there to be a relationship to something, […]...

A few days ago, news of a terrifying explosion by one of the representatives of the Islamic Consultative Assembly caused concern among the media community, political and civil activists, as well as social media activists and influential social figures, including celebrities and influencers in the fields of art and sports in Iran. It was said […]...

Although freedom of speech may seem like a simple concept, it may be considered one of the most challenging legal and political terms for nations. Freedom, in the broadest sense of the word, is a state in which something is not limited or dependent on something else (Political Encyclopedia, Dariush Ashouri). However, beyond the realm […]...

It is enough for a sound to go beyond a certain level, an excuse will be created to impose a new restriction. This is a policy that has been seriously considered in Iran in the past three decades to deal with “free flow of information and freedom of expression”. A policy that began with filtering, […]...