One of the challenges for Iranians is that, aside from the flaws and weaknesses of the Islamic Republic’s constitution, the government is not even loyal to its own laws and does not act upon them. We have seen numerous times that the rulers of the Islamic Republic, or their supporters and followers, use the cliché […]...

There are several major barriers to freedom of speech, one of which is the law. I see other barriers as: extra-legal restrictions, customs and norms of societies, pressure groups, and the inability of governments to guarantee the right to freedom of speech. “I defend this from a few examples. According to the 27th principle of […]...

Freedom of expression and assembly play a fundamental role in any society and are considered essential pillars of a democratic society. They are also a necessary prerequisite for ensuring support for other fundamental rights of individuals. The freedom of citizens to hold protest gatherings and freely express their opinions nourishes dialogue that ultimately serves the […]...

The essence of personal existence, personality and identity of a human being is contemplation and thought. It is through the mind and thought that humans can first achieve self-awareness and ultimately understand the nature and purpose of their existence. Of course, this can only be achieved when a person is accepted as free, independent and […]...

Predicting criminal reactions (punishments) in relevant laws and their implementation through the judiciary is one of the ways to establish order and security and prevent encroachment on the rights of individuals in civilized societies. Since the conditions and implementation of punishments – despite the justifications and reasons that require adherence to them – are still […]...

Finally, after speculations and guesses, the judicial power of the Islamic Republic of Iran has sent its proposed draft for amending and changing the law of deterrent punishments to the government to be sent to the Islamic Consultative Assembly. It has been previously mentioned that the judicial power is preparing this draft and it is […]...

The revolutionary space has its own necessities; its own applications, requirements, and theoretical and practical considerations. In this space, everything can have a multifaceted and sometimes contradictory nature. One of the challenges of the current revolutionary space in Iran is the need for reassessment and rethinking of the possibilities and essence of the various theoretical […]...

A group of protesters marched from in front of Tehran University towards Enqelab Square, chanting slogans. Riot police on motorcycles arrived and fired tear gas and rubber bullets into the crowd. Two young girls separated from the group and ran towards Shanzadeh Street. As they were fleeing, a boy shouted from behind the green university […]...

One of the most fundamental rights emphasized in human rights rules and standards is the right to access to fair trial, and one of the essential indicators necessary for achieving fair trial is the right to access to a lawyer in the process of trial. In other words, access to a lawyer is considered one […]...

The season of oppressors’ failure. First, it is necessary to mention that when the writer decided to write this article, the conditions were different in two ways. First, it was difficult to predict the continuation of protests for more than two weeks, but this happened for various reasons, similar to many events that have puzzled […]...

A few notes about protest literature in Iran. When discussing “protest literature,” some may think that our understanding of this concept is synonymous or closely related to “commitment in literature” or, in another reading, “committed literature”; an understanding that itself has a “leftist” color and smell. Although “leftist literature” is also an example of this […]...

Literature has recorded the first execution to the last massacre. You must have heard this sentence many times: “Their work is finished.” From the mouth of a taxi driver, a working woman, a daily wage laborer, or a student who has confidently set a deadline: “They won’t see the end of 1401,” “Next year in […]...