One of the social harms that society is facing today is violence, especially domestic violence, which manifests itself in various forms within the family institution. It has turned the home, which should be a warm, safe, and sheltering place for individuals, into a turbulent environment.

The violence that patriarchy culture inflicts and sacrifices women and children, and their rights have been compromised under the weight of this domestic abuse.

One of the largest and most important studies on violence against women in Iran is a national project that was implemented during the final years of President Mohammad Khatami’s presidency, by the Office of Social Affairs of the Ministry of Interior and the Center for Women’s Participation of the Presidency. According to the findings of this national study, on average, every woman who has been in a domestic relationship has experienced 7 cases of different types of violence. Among the various types of domestic violence, Iranian women are mostly subjected to psychological and verbal violence. The second most common type is physical violence, which has been experienced by 37.8% of Iranian women since the beginning of their marriage. This type of violence includes hitting, punching, kicking, etc. The third most common type, with a rate of 27.7%, is violence that hinders social, intellectual, and educational growth. This includes limiting family, friendly, and social relationships, hindering employment opportunities, and limiting further education and participation

Mahmoud Ghazi Tabatabaei, the executor of this national plan, has divided the various forms of domestic violence against women in Iran into eight categories to describe its dimensions: verbal, psychological, physical, legal, sexual, economic, ideological and educational violence and risks.

The statistics of this national plan show that 66% of Iranian women have experienced domestic violence at least once since the beginning of their marriage. According to the report of the Iranian Welfare Organization in 2005, within six months, eight thousand cases of domestic violence against women were reported, which means an average of 44 cases of violence are reported to authorities daily, while many other cases may never be reported to official institutions. Furthermore, more than 60% of Iranian women have been victims of domestic violence at least once in their lives.

Physical violence is considered the most common type of domestic violence, while according to some officials, cases of psychological violence are more prevalent.

Dr. Motamedi, based on statistical findings, states that psychological abuse accounts for 52% and physical violence for 37% of violence against women. Although psychological violence does not have physical effects, its effects are long-lasting and persistent. In this type of violence, economic and social factors also play a significant role.

The Iranian Student News Agency, ISNA, published a report last year showing that domestic violence is the most severe form of violence in families. Poverty and financial disputes are considered the most important factors in domestic violence. Considering that most victims of this type of violence are women.

According to Noorollah Azizmohammadi, a criminal court judge, financial issues are one of the main causes that lead to unresolved conflicts between family members, which can escalate and ultimately result in murder. Family murders between spouses are mostly carried out by suffocation, while among other family members, they are often committed with a knife.

According to the research of Mitra Khakhanifard, which was conducted among women visiting the Family Court in 1382 (2003-2004), 4.81% of women have experienced the most economic violence when their husbands have tried to control or force them to behave according to their husbands’ wishes by misusing all family resources.

A high percentage of women in this study have experienced a desire for suicide and harming their spouse. Additionally, over 70% of women who are victims of violence have thought about revenge, and 9.63% of them have wished for the death of their spouses. Members of parliament have also expressed their views on this social problem, including Zahra Elahian, a member of the Women’s Faction of the parliament, who stated, “We believe that more attention should be paid to the issue of women’s security. Although we have a good situation regarding women’s security in the country, according to the teachings of religion and the orders of Islam, which pay special attention to the dignity and status of women, women’s security must be institutionalized.” On the other hand, it was only a few weeks ago that Hossein Mir Mohammad Sadeghi, a university professor and former spokesperson for the judiciary, reported an increase in the murder and physical abuse of young women in Iran. He announced

Minoo Mortazavi Langroudi also speaks about violence against women in Iran: “In today’s society, we are faced with serious obstacles to the presence and participation of women in decision-making and major political, social, economic, and cultural spheres. This activist continues: “Iran’s laws do not provide necessary security for women, and lack of security is a form of violence. Women in Iran are not present in decision-making, policy-making, and legislation, and centers for women’s affairs, women’s defense offices in ministries, women’s councils, and women’s research offices have been established, but these centers do not take any action in relation to women.” However, Fatemeh Rakei, Secretary of the Muslim Women’s Association, has a different opinion about Iran’s laws in an interview with “Khabar” regarding violence against women: “As far as I know, Iran’s written laws do not promote violence against women, although we criticize some of the existing laws in

One must search for the outcome to see if these efforts have had any impact on reducing this social abnormality or not.