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Reza Houshmand

Nowadays, despite the fact that most people in society are familiar with the issue of unemployment and have a superficial understanding of its causes and consequences, in order to investigate the root causes of this problem, we must also study its roots and acknowledge its relationship with other societal conditions. For this reason, in order to understand and examine this issue, all aspects must be taken into consideration and books that address this issue in a comprehensive manner should be studied. Since the book “Inside the Third World” by Paul Harrison examines the problems and issues of third world countries, it can be used to study unemployment in society.

Paul Harrison is a writer and journalist who has spent several years of his life living in and examining the social and political issues of third world countries. Two of the results of these years are his books, “Inside the Third World” and “The Future of the Third World.” One of the reasons for the popularity of “Inside the Third World” is its simplicity, meaning that it is suitable for non-academic individuals as well.

At the beginning of the book, the author discusses the natural and geographical problems that people in third world countries must know and understand about their own country. Then, he delves into the issue of colonization and asks the question: why have most countries in the world, like European countries, not progressed and what damage has colonization by Europe caused to these countries? In this part of the book, the author examines the westernization of third world countries and its causes. He points out that when one goes to the cities and villages of these countries, they are met with a great flood of westernization and it is clear that anyone who wants to be educated and show their personality, strives to behave in a westernized manner. Additionally, you will see the media of these countries leaning towards western programs and promoting western culture.

In the next section of this book, the discussion of agriculture in the Third World will be brought up in three continents: Asia, Africa, and Latin America, and the author will examine and compare agriculture in these continents. At the end of this section, the damages caused by agriculture in these countries (such as desertification, drought, etc.) will be addressed.

When we look at the cities of third world countries, we witness a population explosion and, on the contrary, we see villages that are being emptied and lost. Therefore, Paul Harrison has dedicated another chapter of his book to examining the problems of large cities, the reasons for rural migration to cities, and the inability of large industries to address unemployment.

In the following of the book, the author discusses issues such as poverty and its causes, as well as the education system and its shortcomings in addressing poverty. In this section of the book, you will see how the educational foundations of these countries alone are not sufficient for integrating young people into society, and all of them strive for the goal of exams and universities. As a result, students who, for whatever reason, do not go to university, are stuck in society and suffer, and it is also clear that to eradicate poverty in these societies, there is a need for appropriate and relevant education for all classes and ages.

The last section of this book also focuses on the policies and national and international factors that affect developing and impoverished countries, as well as the existing political structure in the country that leads to the continued poverty and ineffectiveness of reforms and actions, as well as the widening gap between different social classes.

Considering that the book “Inside the Third World” is written about third world countries and has a lot of relevance to our own country, we can benefit greatly from it in examining issues such as unemployment and poverty.

و نابرابری

Book Name: Inside the Third World; Uncovering Poverty and Inequality

Author: Paul Harrison

ان

Translator: Shahriar Azhghan

Publication Date: First Edition – 1387

Publisher: Eghteran