Women Kolbars: The Burden of Poverty on Forgotten Shoulders/ Pardis Parsa

Kolbari, a practice most common in the provinces of Kurdistan, Kermanshah, and West Azerbaijan, is a phenomenon tightly intertwined with structural poverty, underdevelopment, and centralized governance policies. The state, through continuous underdevelopment of non-Shia and non-Persian regions, has exacerbated this issue—particularly in the Kurdish border areas. Years of neglect, historical insecurity, and a securitized view […]...

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The Right to Image and the Politics of Representation/ Mina Javani

Iran’s underground cinema, as a semi-independent and often marginal sector of the country’s film production, has consistently navigated the intersection of legal restrictions, cultural pressures, and media representations. These films, produced outside the official mechanisms of Iranian cinema, not only provide a platform for expressing real social and ecological experiences, but also serve as vehicles […]...

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Girls: Architects of Tomorrow and Symbols of Capacity, Agency, and Hope/ Elahe Amani

In today’s world, girls are no longer mere observers of change; they are themselves the driving force behind transformation. By standing against discrimination, with an informed mind and active presence in society, they are redefining the path to the future. From classrooms to social movements, from scientific innovations to civic engagement, girls are symbols of […]...

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Breaking Iran’s 35-Year Execution Record / by Motahareh Jafari

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