اتBook Introduction: Against Our Will: Men, Women, and Rape

Susan Brownmiller, an American writer, journalist, and feminist activist, in her most well-known book “Against Our Will: Men, Women and Rape” published in 1975, makes a controversial statement: “Rape is nothing more or less than a conscious process of intimidation by which all men keep all women in a state of fear.” Brownmiller does not […]...

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Saleh Nikbakht: Clause 48, Manifestation of Attack on the Independence of the Bar Association / Ali Kalai

This is a caption “This is a caption” Conversation with Ali Kalai Mohammad Saleh Nikbakht, a prominent and renowned Iranian lawyer, has a long and distinguished record in the field of human rights. He has represented numerous political and civil activists, including Hashem Aghajari, Emadeddin Baghaei, Maziar Bahari, Mohsen Sefayi Farahani, Behzad Nabavi, Ebrahim Maddi, […]...

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Saeed Dehghan: Judicial justice has been slaughtered / Simin Rouzgar

  Conversation with Simin Rouzgar The following note under Article 48 of the Criminal Procedure Law, which has recently been published after almost three years since the implementation of this law, has led to the publication of a list of approved lawyers by the head of the judiciary in the virtual space. During this short […]...

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Mina Jafari: A lawyer should be trusted by citizens, not the head of the judiciary.

This is an image caption این یک عنوان تصویر است This is an image caption. The conversation is with Mahdieh Fathi. The issue of the approval of lawyers by the head of the judiciary and the footnote of Article 48 of the Criminal Procedure Code has sparked reactions from many legal experts and attorneys, and […]...

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یAbdolsamad Khoramshahi: Article 48 footnote must be amended/ Siavash Khoramgahi

This is a caption This is a caption Conversation with Siavash Khoramgah Abdolsamad Khoramshahi, born in 1328, is a lawyer and a first-class attorney in Iran. He has previously represented individuals such as Afsaneh Norouzi, Shahla Jahed, Delara Darabi, Fatemeh Matin (the oldest prisoner accused of murder), Neda Agha Soltan, and Reyhaneh Jabbari, as well […]...

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Unjust discrimination, imposed injustice / Zeynab Taheri

This is a picture of a beautiful flower. Zainab Taheri Article 48 of the Criminal Procedure Code, passed in 2013, had suspended the right of the accused to meet with their lawyer for one week after being placed under surveillance for organized crimes, crimes against national or international security, theft, drug trafficking, and crimes listed […]...

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یIs the people’s attorney or approved by the head of the judiciary? / Osman Mozayeni

This is a picture of a beautiful flower. Osman Mozin In terms of legal and foundational aspects, respected lawyers have extensively discussed the issues and problems arising from the clause below Article 48 of the Criminal Procedure Code and the very limited and strange list published by the Judiciary for the approved lawyers’ fees for […]...

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Fair trial, a hope that becomes a legend/ The cupbearer of reunion

This is a caption[/caption] این یک عنوان است. This is a caption. Saqi Laqa’i In international covenants that Iran has committed to, and even in the constitution and civil laws of the Islamic Republic of Iran, fair trial is a fundamental human right and one of the guarantees is the presence of an independent lawyer […]...

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The process of accepting a lawyer in political-security crimes/ Abuzar Nasrollahi

There is no Farsi text provided to translate. Please provide the text to be translated. Abuzar Nasrollahi The right to a fair trial is one of the most fundamental human rights in the world. This right is recognized in international documents such as Articles 10 and 11 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, Articles […]...

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Civil disobedience against Article 48 of the Criminal Procedure Code / Mohammad Moghimi.

This is a caption. Mohammad Moghimi The right to defense through a chosen lawyer is one of the ways to support the rights of suspects and ensure fair trial in pre-trial stages and during the trial. In the domestic laws of countries and international human rights documents, the right to freely choose a lawyer is […]...

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A look at Article 48 of the Criminal Procedure Code / Moses Barzin

“بهار آمد و با خود نور و شادی آورد” “Spring has come and brought light and joy with it.” Mousa Barzin Without a doubt, the presence of a lawyer in the process of litigation is one of the most important elements of the defendant’s rights and also a tool for achieving fair trial. The intervention […]...

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Article 48: Discrimination or Disparagement of Legal Representation?/ Hossein Ahmadi Nia

This is a picture of a beautiful flower. Hossein Ahmadi Niaz In the world of public law, there are two fundamental principles that form the cornerstone of citizens’ right to defense. Based on these principles, the principles of fair and just trial are defined and universally accepted, and the sustainability of these two principles is […]...

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