The essence of qisas (retributive justice) has long been based on a natural law: “You kill, you are killed; an eye for an eye, and a tooth for a tooth.” This well-known principle existed long before the emergence of Abrahamic religions. Historical stone carvings—including the Code of Hammurabi, which dates back to 1800 BCE and […]...

In recent years, various campaigns opposing the death penalty have been formed, each considering execution and qisas as the most prominent and dangerous threats to society, whose harmful effects do not release our reality and collective life during this era of history. Nevertheless, our criminal justice policy, in response to these collective movements, has generally […]...

It has been a few days since the news of the death sentence for “Sharifeh Mohammadi” has caused great sadness and anger in the Iranian society. This sentence was issued by the first branch of the Revolutionary Court in Rasht, with the charge of “rebellion”. “Examining the legal aspects of this ruling is challenging for […]...

One of the most important issues that is currently being discussed in society is determining the boundary of “civil disobedience” with law-breaking, legalism, and the religious term “oppression”. The attention to this issue has led to the question of the relationship between ethics and law, justice and ethics, or in a religious perspective, the interaction […]...

In the first half of Tir month 1403, in the aftermath of the helicopter crash of Ebrahim Raisi and preparations for the election of the 14th government of the Islamic Republic, the head of the judiciary announced a set of guidelines that, if discussed in a different context, could have sparked many debates and opinions. […]...

If we sit down to read the accounts of political prisoners in the prisons of the Islamic Republic in the 1960s, it is impossible not to hear about the policy of repentance during this time; a process in which political prisoners were forced to repent by interrogators and prison officials, and despite their shame and […]...

Domestic news agencies have reported the announcement of the “Repentance Verification” guidelines by the head of the judiciary. Although the reason for this announcement is stated as the legitimate and legal establishment of repentance in judicial institutions and its significant role in reforming and educating criminals and preventing the repetition of crimes, it can potentially […]...

According to the jurisprudential and legal laws governing the courts of the Islamic Republic, repentance of criminals can be effective in the severity of the sentence issued against them. Articles 114 to 119 of the Islamic Penal Code pertain to repentance and its methods of verification. It should be noted that most of these substances […]...

Repentance is a religious term in various religions, including Islam, which aims to “socially rehabilitate” the criminal and prevent society from “corrupting” the individual. This religious directive is based on the reconstruction of the “sinful” personality through expressing hidden remorse and regret, but in ideological systems, it is often used not for the purpose of […]...

About 300 years ago, Francois Voltaire, one of the famous philosophers of the Enlightenment era, believed: “There must be a distinction between sin and crime.” Just looking at articles 114 to 119 of the Islamic Penal Code, which was passed in 2013, and the guidelines for repentance that were recently announced by the head of […]...

The code of conduct defines repentance as a psychological state of attention and return to God after committing a crime, the consequence of which is remorse, correction, and abandonment of behavior, as well as attempting to make amends for the damage caused. These definitions do not have a specific legal burden. Repentance can be about […]...

The law is one of the most important foundations for the formation and achievement of a civil society. Relying on the law and safeguarding its boundaries as a manifestation of the will of the people, is the guarantor of the survival and stability of such societies. The combination of these characteristics – in addition to […]...