The twelve-day war between Iran and Israel was a short-term armed conflict that caused devastating physical, psychological, and financial harm to civilians. Of particular importance is an examination of the rights of children—the most vulnerable group in society—who were directly affected by this war, as well as the responsibilities of governments in this regard. These […]...

Amid the recent twelve-day war, which unfolded along the lines of escalating security tensions between Iran and Israel, one of its most shocking dimensions was the attack on civilian infrastructure—particularly medical centers and emergency bases. Part of these assaults, unfortunately, directly targeted the fundamental right to access healthcare. According to reports published in July 2025 […]...

War begins when law ends. The epitome of lawlessness is the killing of another human being, and that is the goal of war. If legal solutions worked, there would be no need for war. Yet for centuries we have tried to regulate even this unlawful phenomenon. Examples of wartime restrictions can be seen throughout history. […]...

Who is the government (in the broad sense) primarily accountable to? The answer is clear on one side and dark on the other. According to international law, the government (State) must be accountable to other governments for some of its actions. Unfortunately, the Islamic Republic of Iran has not done much to contribute to the […]...

Human rights are a collection of rights that are interconnected and organically related to each other. It is not possible to respect one right and violate others. They are all necessary for the preservation of human life and dignity and fit within a system. What is now and more commonly referred to as the human […]...

“منظوری که به آن نگاه می کنی، تغییر می کند” “The perspective you look at, changes.” Shahin Sadegh Zadeh Milan After the release of images of citizens known as “grave sleepers”, the discussion of sterilization as a solution to prevent the increase of homeless individuals or “cardboard sleepers” in the virtual space was raised. Addressing […]...