Human rights, along with the enactment of laws to recognize these rights, establish mechanisms to ensure their realization, and define their limitations, have always evolved in response to changing human needs, societal developments, and advancements in science and technology. Many emerging legal issues, while interpretable and inferable from previously recognized principles and laws, require new […]...

Filtering, as a tool for controlling and restricting access to information, has always been a controversial issue in the realm of cybersecurity and human rights violations. This policy, often justified by concepts such as national security, territorial integrity, public order, and the system’s interests, can, in practice, lead to serious violations of freedom of expression, […]...

One of the most fundamental and prominent indicators of civil societies is the reliance on “law” in the administration of affairs, relationships, and personal and social interactions—a principle often referred to as the rule of law. Accordingly, in the relationship between the government and citizens, as well as among citizens themselves, it is the law […]...

The idea of stratified internet access, introduced after the unblocking of WhatsApp, signaled stricter governmental control over the internet and was met with opposition from various groups. This idea was initially proposed before WhatsApp was unblocked by a representative advocating for governance of cyberspace. In December 2024 (Azar 1403), Hossein Ali Haji Deligani, Vice Chairman […]...

To understand the history of internet filtering in Iran, we need to go back to the early years following the victory of the February 1979 Revolution. As soon as the Islamic Republic was established, it declared many cultural topics—and generally anything that carried the scent of technology—either forbidden or subject to bizarre restrictions and censorship […]...

Today, social media has become a key platform for activism, enabling everything from public support for political and social causes to the organization of protests. This digital space gained even more significance during the COVID-19 pandemic when people turned to digital media more than ever before. Now, every gathering or protest is not just a […]...

In recent years, our country has constantly been aflame. The widespread protests of December 2017, November 2019, the protests over the Ukrainian airplane tragedy, the Mahsa Movement, protests against the serial poisoning of schoolgirls, and the ongoing civil disobedience of Iranian women against mandatory hijab are just part of society’s resistance to the ruling regime. […]...

The tragic “Tabas Mine” incident, which involved an explosion or collapse in one of the coal mines in the region, claimed the lives of several workers and left many families mourning. This incident is one of those bitter events that once again highlights the fundamental problems in the field of workplace safety and the lack […]...

The Iranian Parliament Research Center recently published a study indicating that nearly 55% of students ranked in the top 3,000 in the national university entrance exam come from the top two economic deciles. The study warns that access to higher education in Iran, both in terms of quantity and quality, is significantly unequal. One major […]...

Today, a government has come to power in Iran that considers its slogan to be national unity; a slogan that more than two decades ago, the movement for freedom – as part of the opposition to the government inside Iran – demanded through its statements and has been brought up again in political discussions in […]...

The contemporary history of our country is filled with violent protests and nonviolent resistance for changing the political power structure; so much so that it could be considered the first civil resistance of the 20th century by Iranians. This is because the Constitutional Revolution of Iran in 1905-1906 is listed as the first nonviolent revolutionary […]...

The world has different policies, one of which is the world of “promises”. Nowadays, politicians in all forms of government – from democratic to semi-democratic and even authoritarian – are forced to make promises to the people and the people usually have no choice but to “vote” based on the promises they hear from the […]...