A Gift Called the Zoo; The History of Zoos in Iran/ Afsaneh Asgharzadeh

The concept of the “zoo” was first introduced to Iran by Naser al-Din Shah Qajar, who brought it back as a souvenir from Europe. During his travels abroad, visiting zoos was one of the Shah’s favorite activities. In his memoirs, the Qajar king described the separation of wild animals into individual cages and the conditions […]...

Read More

Gender Equality as a Prerequisite for Environmental and Wildlife Conservation/ Elahe Amani

Wildlife refers to animals and plants that live in their natural habitats without human interference. It encompasses various species spread across the globe, playing a vital role in maintaining ecosystem balance and biodiversity. Preserving wildlife is crucial for the future of both humanity and nature. This article is not about the factors and policies that […]...

Read More

Stray Dogs, Even from a Legal Perspective/ Alireza Goodarzi

Let us begin with a classification: animals either live alongside us humans—like “my cat” or a “sheepdog”—or are wild and live in nature. The first category has largely evolved through artificial selection, adapting to coexist peacefully with humans and often providing benefits in return. The behavior and appearance of sheep, roosters, and dogs are markedly […]...

Read More

Animal Rights in Iran Still Lack Comprehensive Legislation/ Ehsan Haghi

For millions of years, life has existed on the planet Earth, and various species have lived across this planet. Humans, as one of these species, through some complex evolutionary processes, have achieved remarkable intellectual abilities and, with their help, have been able to dominate other species. This dominance and superiority have gradually been moderated with […]...

Read More

The Animal Abuser of Today, the Human Abuser of Tomorrow/ Morteza Hamounian

From time to time, the media reports incidents of animal abuse committed by some of our fellow citizens. These cases involve pets and wild animals subjected to cruelty by people or zoos that, instead of serving as sanctuaries and care centers, become places of torment for animals. What is happening is a form of violence […]...

Read More

The Challenging Path to Animal Rights in Iran/ Hormoz Sharifian

Beyond humans, who are referred to in Islam as “the noblest of creatures” and described by philosophers as homo sapiens due to their reasoning and intellect, numerous other living beings inhabit the Earth. Each plays a critical role in the natural cycle and ecosystem. Science has proven that the absence of any one of them—even […]...

Read More

Compulsory Attire in Single-Sex Schools Is an Excess/ Dina Ghalibaf

The time spent in school is often described by those who have experienced it as one of the most beautiful and, in many ways, the golden era of life. Making new friends and beginning the process of socialization in school shapes a person’s life. When we revisit the memories of our school days, many of […]...

Read More

Fashion, Uniforms, and the Art of Identity Formation From; Open-Front Coats to Glitter/ Mehrnaz Razaghi

Fashion and clothing, as one of the most prominent manifestations of material culture, have always played a significant role in the social and individual structures of societies. In Iran, from the past to the present, fashion and clothing have not merely served as tools for covering the body or reflecting social status. Instead, they have […]...

Read More

There is no benefit in retribution except for the healing of the survivors, Mustafa Ahmadian.

In recent years, various campaigns opposing the death penalty have been formed, each considering execution and qisas as the most prominent and dangerous threats to society, whose harmful effects do not release our reality and collective life during this era of history. Nevertheless, our criminal justice policy, in response to these collective movements, has generally […]...

Read More

Government’s $7 Billion Control via Regulation of Kulbars: Will Kulbari Finally Be Legalized?/ Nafiseh Sharafaldini

The Pezeshkian administration is set to implement a regulatory framework for overseeing border trade practices, specifically kulbari (manual border transport) and tehlanji (small-scale maritime trade). Under this framework, the government plans to manage $4 to $7 billion worth of annual imports conducted through kulbari. Abdolnaser Hemmati, Minister of Economic Affairs and Finance, announced during a […]...

Read More