Just 12 hours before his execution, on the first day of autumn this year, the name “Mohsen Amir Aslani Zanjani” was heard for the first time in human rights media. On the morning of Thursday, October 4th, he was executed by hanging in the courtyard of Rajai Shahr Prison in Karaj, on charges of “corruption on earth through heresy in the principles and branches of religion, insulting Prophet Jonah, and adultery.”

Mohsen Amir Aslani, the founder of Jowhari Mysticism, was arrested on April 7, 2006 along with his wife and six of his disciples by the agents of the Iranian Ministry of Intelligence. He spent 9 months in solitary confinement under interrogation.

According to the Supreme Court records, the initial accusation that led to Mohsen Amir Aslani’s arrest was based on the complaint of three of his students regarding forced sexual relations. However, the complainants were unable to provide any medical evidence or witnesses, and Amir Aslani’s family believes that the Iranian Ministry of Intelligence brought these charges against him because he presented a new interpretation of religion.

Mohsen Amir Aslani was sentenced to 3 years in prison and 120 lashes, 6 months in jail, and a fine in 2006 at Branch 1084 of the Public Court on charges of “innovation in the principles and branches of the Islamic religion and insulting Prophet Jonah.”

This ruling was confirmed in Branch 31 of the Court of Appeals and was put into effect; however, this case was once again brought to the attention of Branch 15 of the Revolutionary Court of Tehran under the presidency of Judge Salavati, and this time Mohsen Amir-Aslani was sentenced to death on charges of “corruption on earth through innovation in the principles and branches of Islam, insulting Prophet Jonah, and adultery”.

Branch 15 of the Revolutionary Court sentenced Mohsen Amir Aslani to death, while previously he had been sentenced to flogging and imprisonment in a public court based on the same charges. Additionally, none of the conditions for adultery, which according to Islamic law and Iranian laws must be proven, were present in this case.

The ruling of Mohsen Amir Aslani has been violated three times in the Supreme Court of the country and finally, with the order of the head of the judiciary, Sadegh Amoli Larijani, the death sentence against him was carried out.

The case of this political prisoner was so complex and the trials were so unfair that even groups like Human Rights Watch and Amnesty International did not have enough time in the remaining 12 hours before the execution to take action.

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If we want to investigate the reason for the arrest of followers of mysticism in the Islamic government of Iran, we come across bloody conflicts between the established and Sufi factions, which in the past centuries led to the execution of famous figures such as Hussein ibn Mansur Hallaj (executed in 301 AH) and Ayn al-Qudat Hamadani (executed in 510 AH) by the hands of executioners.

But after the establishment of the Islamic government in Iran, which was accompanied by a kind of legitimate victory and clergy, pressure on non-Muslim religious minorities increased, and among them, Sufis and mystics who consider themselves Muslims were not exempt. Among these, there were pressures and restrictions on the Gonabadi dervishes, Yarsanis (or the Ahl-e Haq who have been led to self-immolation by three of them in the past two years), the circle of mysticism, and also a group called the Science of Truth and Justice.

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During the past month, numerous articles, news and discussions have been published on the nature of the charges against Mohsen Amir-Aslani and the process of his arrest and trial in the virtual space and even in domestic newspapers. It is worth noting that this issue has also been addressed by journalists and human rights activists who are not directly affiliated with the government.

It also appears natural for media outlets that are under the control of the judiciary power of the Islamic Republic of Iran or Mohsen Esmaeili, the chief prosecutor of Tehran province, to try to support the implementation of this unjust and medieval ruling. Therefore, at the end, I will ask a few non-specialized questions about the case under discussion in order to better understand the reality of the situation.

1- If, according to the claims of official Iranian media, Mohsen Amir Aslani was arrested following a complaint of “rape under the conditions of chastity,” why did the Ministry of Intelligence take responsibility for the arrest and why were interrogations carried out in Evin Prison’s Ward 209, and why was the case not handed over to the police and intelligence department like other similar cases?

Why were Mohsen Amir Aslani, his wife, and 6 of his students arrested and spent several days under interrogation in Evin Prison’s Ward 209?

3- Why was the accusation of heresy in the principles and branches of the religion of Islam and insulting Prophet Jonah, who had already been sentenced and the sentence had been fully executed in a public court, brought up again under the title of corruption on earth in the revolutionary court? According to which law is the defendant tried and convicted twice for one charge?

4- If the accusation of rape also had the conditions of chastity, health, and sanity, would this one accusation be enough for issuing a death sentence, so that the authorities would not have to resort to vague accusations such as corruption on earth and other violations of the law mentioned?

5- Accusations of rape must be investigated in a public court according to the laws of Iran. Why was Mohsen Amir Aslani’s case referred to the Revolutionary Court and heard in Branch 15 of this court, which is notorious for issuing death sentences?

Why were none of the cases of sexual assault in forensic medicine examined and evaluated?

Undoubtedly, if an impartial legal expert wants to raise these questions in a legal manner, in the case of Mohsen Amir-Aslani, thousands of unanswered legal questions will be raised, indicating his innocence and the role of the Ministry of Intelligence in issuing the unjust execution verdict.