The twelve-day war between Iran and Israel was a short-term armed conflict that caused devastating physical, psychological, and financial harm to civilians. Of particular importance is an examination of the rights of children—the most vulnerable group in society—who were directly affected by this war, as well as the responsibilities of governments in this regard. These […]...

Following the twelve-day conflict between the Islamic Republic of Iran and the State of Israel, the issue of civilian protection during armed conflict—one of the fundamental and imperative principles of international humanitarian law—has gained renewed urgency and relevance. The nature of modern warfare, often marked by aerial and missile attacks on urban areas, places civilian […]...

In today’s world, the internet has a clear meaning: a tool for fast, direct, and uncensored communication among people, with access to firsthand news and information—even if that information is sometimes incorrect or misleading. In any case, the right to access the internet is recognized in international law as part of fundamental human rights and […]...

Amid the recent twelve-day war, which unfolded along the lines of escalating security tensions between Iran and Israel, one of its most shocking dimensions was the attack on civilian infrastructure—particularly medical centers and emergency bases. Part of these assaults, unfortunately, directly targeted the fundamental right to access healthcare. According to reports published in July 2025 […]...

In the gray and devastated grounds of Farabi Neuropsychiatric Hospital in Kermanshah, the marks of explosions still remain on the walls. The smell of burned medications, broken equipment, and the vague, constant sound of silence envelop the atmosphere of this medical center. Three days after the war between Iran and Israel began, on June 15 […]...

War begins when law ends. The epitome of lawlessness is the killing of another human being, and that is the goal of war. If legal solutions worked, there would be no need for war. Yet for centuries we have tried to regulate even this unlawful phenomenon. Examples of wartime restrictions can be seen throughout history. […]...

War—this word has become entangled with our lives in the Middle East, as though the region has no other identity without it. At the time of my birth, the 1979 Revolution had just happened, and by the time I entered elementary school, I was fully experiencing war—red sirens and teachers who would take us under […]...

Mourning ceremonies and Nazri offerings are an inseparable part of the religious and social culture in certain communities, particularly in Iran. In these occasions, the long-standing tradition of preparing and distributing food as Nazri takes on a prominent role. These offerings, beyond their spiritual and religious aspects, are widely distributed among the general public, the […]...

Alireza Bozorgmehri, a former member of the Digital Economy Working Group at the Ministry of Economy, spoke with Peace Mark Monthly Magazine about the filtering environment in Iran and the obstacles to its removal. According to Bozorgmehri, until the composition of the Supreme Council of Cyberspace changes, there is little hope for the acceleration of […]...

Internet filtering in Iran has become one of the most complex and serious social and economic issues. This policy has not only affected citizens’ daily lives but also challenged public perceptions of trust and transparency in governance. In this report, we visited Enghelab Street, one of the busiest areas in Tehran, to speak with various […]...

Unofficial reports suggest that the financial turnover from VPN sales in Iran is remarkably high due to the widespread use of these tools and the lack of transparency in this market. With the sharp rise in demand for VPNs following the widespread filtering of social media platforms such as Instagram, WhatsApp, X (formerly Twitter), Telegram, […]...

Radical members of parliament, the spokesperson for the Pezeshkian administration, Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, members of the Supreme Council of Cyberspace, Mohammad Javad Azari Jahromi, and many other names—while differing significantly in their political approaches and perspectives on managing the internet in Iran, they all share one thing in common: beating the drum of the VPN mafia. […]...