Mustafa Eghlima: People united during the 12-day war/ Ali Kalaei

The twelve-day war between Iran and Israel left deep and lasting consequences in Iran, bringing to light issues that are not only undeniable but also vital for understanding the social and political conditions of the country. This event, like a mirror, revealed hidden layers of inequalities, social divides, and structural challenges. In this conversation with […]...

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Hope or fear after the ceasefire?/ Majid Shia Ali

  The twelve-day war has ended, but the war conditions have not ended. The shadow of war still looms over Iranian society. The threat of war, missile attacks, explosions, assassinations, and Israeli security operations in Iran are still serious. The continuation of the war situation, the inability of the government to take action to address […]...

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Cold peace as a model of governance in the post-crisis era/ Mina Javani

After the end of the twelve-day war, the situation in Iran has seemingly entered a phase of stability; a phase that in political discourse is referred to as “mutual restraint” or “controlled tension”, but at a structural level, it is not only a sign of a return to normalcy, but also a continuation of the […]...

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A look at the execution policy following the twelve-day war / Marzieh Mohabi

The 12-day war between Iran and Israel was one of the most intense military conflicts in the region in recent decades and marked the end of a dream for the leaders of the Islamic Republic to eliminate Israel from existence. This conflict began with Israel’s surprise attacks on nuclear facilities, military bases, and the assassination […]...

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A home that we have never had / Pardis Parsa

Iran has been hosting Afghans for years and has occasionally expelled illegal immigrants, but after the war with Israel, the intensity of actions against Afghans has reached an unprecedented level. This complex humanitarian crisis has had consequences for both remaining migrants in Iran, returning citizens, and has also caused devastation for the crisis-stricken country of […]...

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National Organization for Migration and Security Puzzle/ Morteza Hamounian

Migration is a historical subject that has always been a problem for governments. It can create issues for governments and can also turn into an opportunity. Sometimes, it is used as a tool by governments to manipulate and pressure others. Migration, especially in the 20th and 21st centuries, in a world where modernity is at […]...

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The consequences of the twelve-day post-war period: economic crisis, infrastructure collapse, and systematic violation of human rights / Ahmad Alavi

After the 12-day war between Iran and Israel, a destructive ceasefire was established. However, contrary to expectations of reconstruction and tension reduction, the structure of the Islamic Republic’s government intensified political and economic pressures, deepening existing crises. This note, with an analytical approach based on human rights indicators, examines the economic, social, and legal consequences […]...

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New Control Tool: Critics’ SIM Card Disconnect/ Fereshteh Goli

Nowadays, having a SIM card is one of the necessities of life in the digital and virtual world, and any deprivation of this right for anyone can be considered a tragedy. The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) has emphasized the importance of access to communication tools as a human right in several official documents, especially in […]...

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Wounds that are still healing / Mahtab Alinjad

In the heart of the night, the sound of sirens passes through the sleeping cities. The sky is on fire, walls tremble, and the silence of homes is shattered. War, this merciless word, has once again awakened from the slumber of history and cast its shadow over the lives of humans. But amidst the ruins, […]...

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During the external bombardment, internal censorship and women in the forefront of the narrative / Elaheh Amani

“In war, women and children are the first victims, even before the conflicts begin seriously.”.*   War is gendered, not neutral. The wounds of war are not only on bodies, but also in lives that are forever changed, and it is women who carry these wounds silently. The costs and consequences of war disproportionately burden […]...

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Legislating in the Shadow of War / Neda Qanbari

When asked about the 12-day war and its consequences, my mind doesn’t go to anything but images of destruction and the sound of bomb explosions. I think more about the days when “silence” after the war was heavier than any explosion, engulfing the entire country. In those moments, just when we expected peace after the […]...

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