The Twelve-Day War and Unprotected Civilians in Iran/ Sina Yousefi

Following the twelve-day conflict between the Islamic Republic of Iran and the State of Israel, the issue of civilian protection during armed conflict—one of the fundamental and imperative principles of international humanitarian law—has gained renewed urgency and relevance. The nature of modern warfare, often marked by aerial and missile attacks on urban areas, places civilian […]...

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The Illusion of War’s End and Security: Citizens Still on the Battlefield/ Elaheh Amani

The devastating twelve-day war, which temporarily ended after claiming the lives of 1,190 people and injuring more than 4,475 in Iran (1), once again brings to mind a quote often attributed to Plato: in societies where political power rests in the hands of authoritarian rulers, even after a military war ends, the living continue to […]...

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