For millions of years, life has existed on the planet Earth, and various species have lived across this planet. Humans, as one of these species, through some complex evolutionary processes, have achieved remarkable intellectual abilities and, with their help, have been able to dominate other species. This dominance and superiority have gradually been moderated with […]...

From time to time, the media reports incidents of animal abuse committed by some of our fellow citizens. These cases involve pets and wild animals subjected to cruelty by people or zoos that, instead of serving as sanctuaries and care centers, become places of torment for animals. What is happening is a form of violence […]...

Beyond humans, who are referred to in Islam as “the noblest of creatures” and described by philosophers as homo sapiens due to their reasoning and intellect, numerous other living beings inhabit the Earth. Each plays a critical role in the natural cycle and ecosystem. Science has proven that the absence of any one of them—even […]...

One of the primary and fundamental examples of human rights is “security” and the related discussions. This means that if we want to talk about human rights as a principle, without a doubt, the first step and topic is security. Throughout history, one of the most prominent measures of democracy has been ensuring the safety […]...

For decades, many people have been celebrating World Water Day on the first week of the year and trying to awaken the sleepers on this day. But I mostly remember the Day of the Dead in Mexico (Día de los Muertos) where they drink, dance, and laugh in memory of the dead. Although I do […]...

Human rights have a relatively long but limited list. Every year, some claims are added to them, but what we recognize as human rights are still those that are included in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the two Covenants – namely the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights and the International Covenant […]...

According to the World Bank report in 2016, air pollution has been identified as the deadliest type of pollution and the fourth leading cause of premature death worldwide. In recent years, major cities in Iran – including Tehran – have been seriously affected by air pollution, with a significant contribution (over 60%) from mobile sources. […]...

Planting Hara trees, as bioshields on the coasts, also known as green walls and plant barriers, is currently being developed by the local community in Gujarat, India. These farms consist of both Hara and non-Hara species. Local communities plant Hara trees along the sea, salt-resistant trees in the middle layer, and forage plants in the […]...

The wetlands of Lake Urmia are extremely valuable ecosystems that have tremendous impacts on biodiversity, local economy, and climate regulation. These ecosystems not only attract tourists and researchers, but also serve as habitats for migratory birds, unique animal species, and plants. Recently, the dire situation of Lake Urmia, the third largest saltwater lake in the […]...

Finias Harper writes, instead of desperate efforts to reduce traffic congestion on roads in the short term, policymakers should use traffic as a tool to make urban transportation more sustainable. New research claims that London’s roads are the busiest in the world. However, instead of wasting money and emitting uncontrollable greenhouse gases by building new […]...

The right to a healthy environment is one of the examples of human rights that legal experts in this field consider as part of the third generation of human rights. According to the “United Nations Conference on the Human Environment” statement, adopted on June 16, 1972 in Stockholm, Sweden, the preservation of the human environment […]...

The capacity that water has gone. One of the most important challenges facing humanity is the scarcity of resources in general and water resources in particular. This scarcity does not necessarily mean a crisis. What turns water scarcity into a water crisis is poor governance and management, which can turn the serious challenges of resource […]...